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Tavis Smiley
Tavis Smiley (; born September 13, 1964) is an American talk show host, author, liberal political commentator, entrepreneur, advocate and philanthropist.〔(''Los Angeles Times'' )〕〔(''Chicago Tribune'' )〕 Smiley was born in Gulfport, Mississippi, and grew up in Bunker Hill, Indiana. After attending Indiana University, he worked during the late 1980s as an aide to Tom Bradley, the mayor of Los Angeles. Smiley became a radio commentator in 1991, and starting in 1996, he hosted the talk show ''BET Talk'' (later renamed ''BET Tonight'') on BET. After Smiley sold an exclusive interview of Sara Jane Olson to ABC News in 2001, BET declined to renew Smiley's contract that year. Smiley then began hosting ''The Tavis Smiley Show'' on NPR (2002–04) and currently hosts ''Tavis Smiley'' on PBS on the weekdays and "The Tavis Smiley Show" from PRI. From 2010 to 2013, Smiley and Cornel West joined forces to host their own radio talk show, ''Smiley & West''. They were featured together interviewing musician Bill Withers in the 2009 documentary film ''Still Bill''.〔(''The New York Times'' )〕 He is the new host of "Tavis Talks" on BlogTalkRadio's Tavis Smiley Network.
==Early years==
Tavis Smiley was born in Gulfport, Mississippi, the son of Joyce Marie Roberts, a single woman who first became pregnant at age 18. On September 13, 1966, just shy of his second birthday, his mother married Emory Garnell Smiley, a non-commissioned officer in the U.S. Air Force. It would not be until a few years later that Tavis would learn the identity of his biological father, whom he identifies in his autobiography, ''What I Know For Sure: My Story of Growing Up in America'', only as "T".
Smiley's family soon moved to Indiana because his stepfather had been transferred to Grissom Air Force Base near Peru, Indiana. Upon arriving in Indiana, the Smiley family took up residence in a three-bedroom mobile home in the small town of Bunker Hill, Indiana. The Smileys had three more children, and added four after the murder of Joyce's sister, whose death left four of her five children in the care of the grandmother, called "Big Mama", until ill health impaired her ability and Joyce and Emory took them in, so that including Tavis and his seven brothers and two sisters and the three adults, the trailer-home sheltered thirteen. Smiley's mother was a very religious person, and the family attended the local New Bethel Tabernacle Church, part of the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World. The Smiley children were forbidden from listening to secular music at home and going to the movie theater and could watch only those television shows that their parents felt were family-friendly. When Tavis Smiley was in seventh grade, New Bethel pastor Elder Rufus Mills accused Tavis and his siblings of "running wild, disobeying their teacher, disrespecting their teacher, disrespecting the sanctity of this building, and mocking the holy message being taught" during Sunday School. According to Smiley's account of the incident, Smiley's Sunday School teacher became more confused as she was asking questions about the Book of John, and while other students "responded by giggling and acting a little unruly", he and his sister Phyllis "remained quiet". Garnell whipped Tavis and Phyllis with an extension cord, wounding the two children. The next day at school, administrators found out about the children's injuries. The local newspaper in Kokomo reported on the beating and the legal proceedings against Garnell, and Tavis and Phyllis were sent to foster care temporarily, Garnell told his children that the judge decided that he had "overreacted" and found he and Joyce were "concerned parents who were completely involved in () children's lives and well-being".
Smiley became interested in politics at age 13 after attending a fundraiser for U.S. Senator Birch Bayh.〔 At Maconaquah High School in Bunker Hill, Indiana, a school that Smiley described as "98 percent white", Smiley was active in the student council and the debate team, even though his parents were "skeptical of all non-church extracurricular activities".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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